Leningradsky Railway Station is Moscow's first and oldest railway station.  It was first opened in 1849 although then of course under a different name – the Nikolaevsky Railway Station - in honour of Tsar Nicholas I. The station linked St Petersburg with Moscow and St Petersburg's Moskovsky Railway Station is the mirror image of this station.  Both stations were designed by Konstantin Ton, the architect behind the original Christ the Saviour Cathedral, the Grand Kremlin Palace and the Armoury. When the station first opened it took 22 hours to get to St Petersburg from Moscow, now on the Sapsan express train its takes just three hours and 45 minutes.  After the Revolution, the station was renamed Oktyabrsky Railway Station in 1923 and then Leningradsky Railway Station in 1937, which it remains despite Leningrad reverting to the name of St Petersburg.

Inside there used to be a bust of Vladimir Lenin, commemorating his arrival in Moscow after the Revolution, but in 2013 the station was renovated and given a modern appearance.

Two-thirds of all trains from here terminate in St Petersburg, but destinations on route such as Tver and Novgorod Veliky are also served, as well as some destinations further north to Petrozavodsk and Murmansk. The Leningradsky Railways is the only of Moscow's railways stations which is not run by Moscow Railways but by Oktyabrskaya Railways and the station is referred to as Moscow Oktyabrskaya on tickets.

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