The Republic of Karbardino-Balkaria is located in between the Stavropol Territory, Karachai-Cherkessia and North Ossetia-Alania. It also shares a federal border with Georgia. Like its name suggests the Karbardino-Balkaria is home to two native groups: the Kabardais and the Balkars, both of whom are Turkic people belonging to the larger group of Adyghes (Circassians). The predominant religion here is Islam.

The republic is most famous for Elbrus - the tallest mountain in Europe. Its capital is the city of Nalchik.

Several Western governments advise against all but essential travel to the republic due to safety concerns and risks of terrorism.